Data set name,Country,Data type,Plot size,Diameter at breast height threshold,Number of plots,Traits,Source trait data,Evidences of disturbances and succession dynamics,References,Contact of person in charge of data formatting,Comments
Panama,Panama,LPP,1 to 50 ha,1 cm,42,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""Gap disturbances are common in the large 50ha BCI plot [see @Young-1991; @Hubbell-1999; @Lobo-2014]. Hubbell et al.[@Hubbell-1999] estimated that less than 30% of the plot experienced no disturbance over a 13-year period.""","3,4,25","Plot data: R. Condit (conditr@gmail.com), Traits data: J. Wright (wrightj@si.edu)",The data used include both the 50 ha plot of BCI and the network of 1 ha plots from Condit et al. (2013). The two first census of BCI plot were excluded.
Japan,Japan,LPP,0.35 to 1.05 ha,2.39 cm,16,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""The network of plot comprise 50% of old growth forest, 17% of old secondary forest and 33% of young secondary forest.""",5,"Plot data: M. I. Ishihara (moni1000f_networkcenter@fsc.hokudai.ac.jp), Traits data: Y Onoda (yusuke.onoda@gmail.com)",
Luquillo,Puerto Rico,LPP,16 ha,1 cm,1,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""The plot has been struck by hurricanes in 1989 and in 1998[@Uriarte-2009]. In addition, two-third of the plot is a secondary forest on land previously used for agriculture and logging[@Uriarte-2009].""","6, 23","Plot data: J. Thompson (jiom@ceh.ac.uk) and J. Zimmerman (esskz@ites.upr.edu), Traits data: N. Swenson (swensonn@msu.edu )",
M'Baiki,Central African Republic,LPP,4 ha,10 cm,10,Wood density and SLA,local,"""The plot network was established with three levels of harvesting and one control [@Ouedraogo-2013].""","7,8",G. Vieilledent (ghislain.vieilledent@cirad.fr),
Fushan,Taiwan,LPP,25 ha,1 cm,1,Wood density and SLA,local,"""Fushan experienced several Typhoon disturbances in 1994 with tree fall events, the main effect was trees defoliation[@Lin-2011].""",9,I-F. Sun (ifsun@mail.ndhu.edu.tw),
Paracou,French Guiana,LPP,6.25 ha,10 cm,15,Wood density and SLA,local,"""The plot network was established with three levels of harvesting and one control (Herault et al. 2010).""","10,11,24","Plot data: B. Herault (bruno.herault@cirad.fr), Traits data: C. Baraloto (Chris.Baraloto@ecofog.gf)",
France,France,NFI,0.017 to 0.07 ha,7.5 cm,41503,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""French forests monitored by the French National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""","12,13",G. Kunstler (georges.kunstler@gmail.com),"The French NFI is based on temporary plot, but 5 years tree radial growth is estimated with short core. All trees with dbh > 7.5 cm, > 22.5 cm and > 37.5 cm were measured within a radius of 6 m, 9 m and 15 m, respectively. Plots are distributed over forest ecosystems on a 1-km 2 cell grid"
Spain,Spain,NFI,0.0078 to 0.19 ha,7.5 cm,49855,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Spanish forests monitored by the Spanish National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. No data are available on the age structure of the plots.""","14,15,16",M. Zavala (madezavala@gmail.com),"Each SFI plot included four concentric circular sub-plots of 5, 10, 15 and 25-m radius. In these sub-plots, adult trees were sampled when diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) was 7.5-12.4 cm, 12.5-22.4 cm, 22.5-42.5 cm and >= 42.5 cm, respectively."
Swiss,Switzerland,NFI,0.02 to 0.05 ha,12 cm,2665,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Swiss forests monitored by the Swiss National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""","17,26",M. Hanewinkel & N. E. Zimmermann (niklaus.zimmermann@wsl.ch),"All trees with dbh > 12 cm and > 36 cm were measured within a radius of 7.98 m and 12.62 m, respectively."
Sweden,Sweden,NFI,0.0019 to 0.0314 ha,5 cm,22904,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Swedish forests monitored by the Swedish National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",18,G. Stahl (Goran.Stahl@slu.se),"All trees with dbh > 10 cm, were measured on circular plots of 10 m radius."
US,USA,NFI,0.0014 to 0.017 ha,2.54 cm,97434,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""US forests monitored by the FIA experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Pan et al.[@Pan-2011] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",19,M. Vanderwel (Mark.Vanderwel@uregina.ca),FIA data are made up of cluster of 4 subplots of size 0.017 ha for tree dbh > 1.72 cm and nested in each subplot sapling plots of 0.0014 ha for trees dbh > 2.54 cm. The data of the four subplot were lumped together.
Canada,Canada,NFI,0.02 to 0.18 ha,2 cm,15019,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Canadian forests monitored by the regional forest monitoring programs experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Pan et al.[@Pan-2011] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",,J. Caspersen (john.caspersen@utoronto.ca),The protocol is variable between Provinces. A large proportion of data is from the Quebec province and the plot are 10 m in radius in this Province.
NZ,New Zealand,NFI,0.04 ha,3 cm,1415,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""New Zealand forests are experiencing disturbance by earthquake, landslide, storm and volcanic eruptions. According to Holdaway et al.[@Holdaway-2014] having been disturbed during their measurement interval.""","20,21",D. Laughlin (d.laughlin@waikato.ac.nz),Plots are 20 x 20 m.
NSW,Australia,NFI,0.075 to 0.36 ha,10 cm,30,"Wood density, and Maximum height",local,The plot network was initially established in the 60s with different level of selection harvesting[@Kariuki-2006].,"1,2",R. M. Kooyman (robert@ecodingo.com.au),Permanents plots established by the NSW Department of State Forests or by RMK
\ No newline at end of file
Data set name,Country,Data type,Plot size,Diameter at breast height threshold,Number of plots,Traits,Source trait data,Evidences of disturbances and succession dynamics,References,Contact of person in charge of data formatting,Comments
Panama,Panama,LPP,1 to 50 ha,1 cm,42,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""Gap disturbances are common in the large 50ha BCI plot [see @Young-1991; @Hubbell-1999; @Lobo-2014]. Hubbell et al.[@Hubbell-1999] estimated that less than 30% of the plot experienced no disturbance over a 13-year period.""","3,4,25","Plot data: R. Condit (conditr@gmail.com), Traits data: J. Wright (wrightj@si.edu)",The data used include both the 50 ha plot of BCI and the network of 1 ha plots from Condit et al. (2013). The two first census of BCI plot were excluded.
Japan,Japan,LPP,0.35 to 1.05 ha,2.39 cm,16,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""The network of plot comprise 50% of old growth forest, 17% of old secondary forest and 33% of young secondary forest.""",5,"Plot data: M. I. Ishihara (moni1000f_networkcenter@fsc.hokudai.ac.jp), Traits data: Y Onoda (yusuke.onoda@gmail.com)",
Luquillo,Puerto Rico,LPP,16 ha,1 cm,1,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""The plot has been struck by hurricanes in 1989 and in 1998[@Uriarte-2009]. In addition, two-third of the plot is a secondary forest on land previously used for agriculture and logging[@Uriarte-2009].""","6, 23","Plot data: J. Thompson (jiom@ceh.ac.uk) and J. Zimmerman (esskz@ites.upr.edu), Traits data: N. Swenson (swensonn@msu.edu )",
M'Baiki,Central African Republic,LPP,4 ha,10 cm,10,Wood density and SLA,local,"""The plot network was established with three levels of harvesting and unharvested control [@Gourlet-Fleury-2013].""","7,8",G. Vieilledent (ghislain.vieilledent@cirad.fr),
Fushan,Taiwan,LPP,25 ha,1 cm,1,Wood density and SLA,local,"""Fushan experienced several Typhoon disturbances in 1994 with tree fall events, the main effect was trees defoliation[@Lin-2011].""",9,I-F. Sun (ifsun@mail.ndhu.edu.tw),
Paracou,French Guiana,LPP,6.25 ha,10 cm,15,Wood density and SLA,local,"""The plot network was established with three levels of harvesting and unharvested control (Herault et al. 2010).""","10,11,24","Plot data: B. Herault (bruno.herault@cirad.fr), Traits data: C. Baraloto (Chris.Baraloto@ecofog.gf)",
France,France,NFI,0.017 to 0.07 ha,7.5 cm,41503,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""French forests monitored by the French National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""","12,13",G. Kunstler (georges.kunstler@gmail.com),"The French NFI is based on temporary plot, but 5 years tree radial growth is estimated with short core. All trees with dbh > 7.5 cm, > 22.5 cm and > 37.5 cm were measured within a radius of 6 m, 9 m and 15 m, respectively. Plots are distributed over forest ecosystems on a 1-km 2 cell grid"
Spain,Spain,NFI,0.0078 to 0.19 ha,7.5 cm,49855,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Spanish forests monitored by the Spanish National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. No data are available on the age structure of the plots.""","14,15,16",M. Zavala (madezavala@gmail.com),"Each SFI plot included four concentric circular sub-plots of 5, 10, 15 and 25-m radius. In these sub-plots, adult trees were sampled when diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) was 7.5-12.4 cm, 12.5-22.4 cm, 22.5-42.5 cm and >= 42.5 cm, respectively."
Swiss,Switzerland,NFI,0.02 to 0.05 ha,12 cm,2665,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Swiss forests monitored by the Swiss National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""","17,26",M. Hanewinkel & N. E. Zimmermann (niklaus.zimmermann@wsl.ch),"All trees with dbh > 12 cm and > 36 cm were measured within a radius of 7.98 m and 12.62 m, respectively."
Sweden,Sweden,NFI,0.0019 to 0.0314 ha,5 cm,22904,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Swedish forests monitored by the Swedish National Forest Inventory experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Vilen et al.[@Vilen-2012] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",18,G. Stahl (Goran.Stahl@slu.se),"All trees with dbh > 10 cm, were measured on circular plots of 10 m radius."
US,USA,NFI,0.0014 to 0.017 ha,2.54 cm,97434,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""US forests monitored by the FIA experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Pan et al.[@Pan-2011] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",19,M. Vanderwel (Mark.Vanderwel@uregina.ca),FIA data are made up of cluster of 4 subplots of size 0.017 ha for tree dbh > 1.72 cm and nested in each subplot sapling plots of 0.0014 ha for trees dbh > 2.54 cm. The data of the four subplot were lumped together.
Canada,Canada,NFI,0.02 to 0.18 ha,2 cm,15019,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",TRY,"""Canadian forests monitored by the regional forest monitoring programs experience several types of natural disturbances (such as wind, forest fire, and bark beetles) and harvesting. The age structure reconstructed by Pan et al.[@Pan-2011] shows that young forests represents a significant percentage of the forested area (see age distribution below).""",,J. Caspersen (john.caspersen@utoronto.ca),The protocol is variable between Provinces. A large proportion of data is from the Quebec province and the plot are 10 m in radius in this Province.
NZ,New Zealand,NFI,0.04 ha,3 cm,1415,"Wood density, SLA, and Maximum height",local,"""New Zealand forests are experiencing disturbance by earthquake, landslide, storm and volcanic eruptions. According to Holdaway et al.[@Holdaway-2014] having been disturbed during their measurement interval.""","20,21",D. Laughlin (d.laughlin@waikato.ac.nz),Plots are 20 x 20 m.
NSW,Australia,NFI,0.075 to 0.36 ha,10 cm,30,"Wood density, and Maximum height",local,The plot network was initially established in the 60s with different level of selection harvesting[@Kariuki-2006].,"1,2",R. M. Kooyman (robert@ecodingo.com.au),Permanents plots established by the NSW Department of State Forests or by RMK
So the stabilising niche similarity $\rho$ is directly related to $\alpha_s$. Whereas the referee 1 was not convince by that.
## Intra- *vs.* inter-specific competition
The referee 3 is asking to split the parameter $\alpha_0$ in two: 1)
one related to intra-specific competition $\alpha_{0,intra}$ and 2) one related to the inter-specific competition $\alpha_{0,inter}$. This point is raised because he is concern that a large proportion of the $\alpha_s$ parameter could be related only to the difference between intra- *vs* inter-specific competition rather than the traits similarity.
This approach will consider that intra-specific competition is:
For $G_{j,j}$ we just need to replace $i$ per $j$ for the growth of species $j$ in the same community. Then the ratio of these to growth (developing the $\alpha_{i,j}$ as in the previous approach) is:
The problem is that this is a function $B_j$ the local basal area of competitor.
The stabilising process part would be related to $\rho$ defined above:
\begin{equation}
e^{- \alpha_s \vert t_j- t_i \vert B_j}
\end{equation}
Note that as pointed out by the referee 1 the parameter for
competitive effect $\alpha_e$ do not appears in any of this
equations. But this doesn't mean that it will have no impact on the
population dynamics.
## References
* Chesson, P. 2000. Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity. -
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 31: 343–366.
* Chesson, P. 2012. Species competition and predation. - In:
Ecological Systems. Springer, pp. 223–256.
* Godoy, O. and Levine, J. M. 2014. Phenology effects on invasion success: insights from coupling field experiments to coexistence theory. - Ecology 95: 726–736.
* Kraft, N. J. B. et al. 2015. Plant functional traits and the multidimensional nature of species coexistence. - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112: 797–802.
![Age distribution of forest area in 20-year age class for North America (USA and Canada), estimated by Pan et al.[@Pan-2011]. The last class plotted at 150 years is for age > 140 years.](../../figs/age_na.pdf)
# Supplementary results
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