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RunModel.Supervisor.R 5.16 KiB
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###############################################################################
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# An example of reservoir management on an hypothetical dam at station "54095"
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# on the Severn river build to support low-flows at "54057"
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###############################################################################
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# A minimum flow of 20 m3/s is maintained at the dam location and an extra-release
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# is provided when the flow at the downstream station "54057" cross a minimum
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# threshold of 45 m3/s. The dam has a storage capacity of 60 millions m3
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###############################################################################
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library(airGRiwrm)
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# Load Severn network information
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data(Severn)
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nodes <- Severn$BasinsInfo[, c("gauge_id", "downstream_id", "distance_downstream", "area")]
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nodes$model <- "RunModel_GR4J"
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# Insert a dam downstream the location the gauging station 54095
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# The dam is a direct injection node
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nodes$downstream_id[nodes$gauge_id == "54095"] <- "Dam"
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nodes$distance_downstream[nodes$gauge_id == "54095"] <- 0
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nodes <- rbind(nodes,
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               data.frame(gauge_id = "Dam",
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                          downstream_id = "54001",
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                          distance_downstream = 42,
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                          area = NA,
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                          model = NA))
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griwrm <- CreateGRiwrm(nodes,
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                 list(id = "gauge_id",
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                      down = "downstream_id",
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                      length = "distance_downstream"))
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plot(griwrm)
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# Format meteorological inputs for CreateInputs
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BasinsObs <- Severn$BasinsObs
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DatesR <- BasinsObs[[1]]$DatesR
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PrecipTot <- cbind(sapply(BasinsObs, function(x) {x$precipitation}))
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PotEvapTot <- cbind(sapply(BasinsObs, function(x) {x$peti}))
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Precip <- ConvertMeteoSD(griwrm, PrecipTot)
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PotEvap <- ConvertMeteoSD(griwrm, PotEvapTot)
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# Create a release flow time series for the dam
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# This release will be modified by the Supervisor
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# We initiate it with the natural flow for having a good initialisation of the
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# model at the first time step of the running period
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Qobs <- data.frame(
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  Dam = BasinsObs$`54095`$discharge_spec * griwrm$area[griwrm$id == "54095"] * 1E3
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)
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Qobs[,] <- Qobs[which(DatesR == as.POSIXct("2002-10-01", tz = "UTC")), 1]
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# InputsModel object
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IM_severn <- CreateInputsModel(griwrm, DatesR, Precip, PotEvap, Qobs)
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# Initialisation of the Supervisor
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sv <- CreateSupervisor(IM_severn)
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# States of the reservoir are stored in the Supervisor variable
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# The Supervisor variable is an environment which can be available in
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# the controller function for storing and exchange data during the simulation
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sv$Vres <- 0 # Reservoir storage time series
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# Dam management is modeled by a controller
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# This controller usually releases Qmin and provides
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# extra release if flow mesured somewhere is below Qthreshold
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# Flow is expressed in m3 / time step
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# Y[1] = runoff flow at gauging station 54095 filling the reservoir
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# Y[2] = flow at gauging station 54057, location of the low-flow objective
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# The returned value is the release calculated at the reservoir
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# We need to enclose the Supervisor variable and other parameters in
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# the environment of the function with a function returning the logic function
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factoryDamLogic <- function(sv, Vmin, Vmax, Qmin, Qthreshold) {
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function(Y) { # Filling of the reservoir sv$Vres <- c(sv$Vres, tail(sv$Vres, 1) + Y[1]) # The release is the max between: overflow, low-flow support and minimum flow U <- U <- max(tail(sv$Vres, 1) - Vmax, Qthreshold - Y[2], Qmin) sv$Vres[length(sv$Vres)] <- tail(sv$Vres, 1) - U if (tail(sv$Vres, 1) < Vmin) { # Reservoir is empty U <- U - (Vmin - tail(sv$Vres, 1)) sv$Vres[length(sv$Vres)] <- Vmin } return(U) } } # And define a final function enclosing logic and parameters together funDamLogic <- factoryDamLogic( sv = sv, # The Supervisor which store the states of reservoir storage Vmin = 0, # Minimum volume in the reservoir (m3) Vmax = 60 * 1E6, # Maximum volume in the reservoir (m3) Qmin = 20 * 86400, # Min flow to maintain downstream the reservoir (m3/day) Qthreshold = 45 * 86400 # Min flow threshold to support at station 54057 (m3/day) ) CreateController(sv, "DamRelease", Y = c("54095", "54057"), U = c("Dam"), FUN = funDamLogic) # GRiwrmRunOptions object simulation of the hydrological year 2002-2003 IndPeriod_Run <- which( DatesR >= as.POSIXct("2002-10-15", tz = "UTC") & DatesR <= as.POSIXct("2003-10-15", tz = "UTC") ) IndPeriod_WarmUp <- seq.int(IndPeriod_Run[1] - 366, IndPeriod_Run[1] - 1) RO_severn <- CreateRunOptions( IM_severn, IndPeriod_WarmUp = IndPeriod_WarmUp, IndPeriod_Run = IndPeriod_Run ) # Load parameters of the model from Calibration in vignette V02 P_severn <- readRDS(system.file("vignettes", "ParamV02.RDS", package = "airGRiwrm")) # The Supervisor is used instead of InputsModel for running the model OM_dam <- RunModel(sv, RunOptions = RO_severn, Param = P_severn) # Plotting the time series of flows and reservoir storage oldpar <- par(mfrow=c(2,1), mar = c(2.5,4,1,1)) plot(attr(OM_dam, "Qm3s")[, c("DatesR", "54095", "Dam", "54057")], ylim = c(0, 200)) Vres <- data.frame(DatesR = attr(OM_dam, "Qm3s")$DatesR, V_reservoir = sv$Vres) plot.Qm3s(Vres) par(oldpar)